Gemstone Windows and Dark Patches: What to Look for in a Cut Gem

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AI-generated educational illustration. Conceptual only; not a photograph of an actual specimen or location. A coloured gem may have a pale, see-through centre or areas that look almost black. Both affect its appearance, but they do not have the same cause. What is a window? A window is an area where light passes through the gem instead of being returned towards the viewer. You may see the background through it, especially near the centre. Cutting angles and the material's refractive index—how it bends light—help determine whether this happens. There is no single ideal depth for every gemstone. Why dark patches need a closer look Darkness can have several causes. The material may absorb a lot of light. Some facets may reflect dark surroundings or the observer. Extinction is another cause, involving light that is not returned to the viewer after internal reflection. For that reason, calling every black patch “extinction” can be misleading. A simple viewing routine Look at the gem fac...
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Czochralski (Pulling) Process

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Czochralski (Pulling) Process

Inamori [Japan] (red, orange and red star), Novosibirsk [Russia] (red) and others (red, blue and colourless).

1.   Extremely fine and narrow curved growth lines (curved striae), which may be concentric.

2.   Gas bubbles of various sizes, shapes and orientations.

3.   Faint ‘smoke-like’ or ‘rain-like’ wisps of tiny particles, probably repre- senting remnants of a flux used to aid melting during growth.

4.   Small unidentified black prismatic crystals in groups (Inamori).

5.   Extremely fine exsolved clouds of what may be rutile silk in the red star material (Inamori).

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