Gemology Hub | Gemstone & Mineral Identification Guides

  Emerald Vs Green Beryl Emerald can own its green coloration to Chromium and iron, but the question was raised when vanadium colored green beryl was found in Brazil... Up to this point it was common that 'emerald is the green variety of beryl, it is colored by chromium". Most emeralds are colored in fact by iron and chromium, some other stones can also colored by vanadium.   For most gemological laboratories the standard is that if an green stone from the beryl family shows some chromium spectrum and present a chromium percentage higher than 0,1% then it can be called emerald.   If not its a green beryl...   This 0,1% "standard" is coming from a Kurt Nassau proposal in order to solve the proble opposing colombian emerald dealers and Brazil or African dealers: As most of the colombian emeralds which are the traditional emeralds owns their color to chromium and iron. The new emeralds from brazil were vanadium rich. The Colombian dealer lobby was the stronger, t...

Opal is a hydrated amorphous form of silica (SiO2·nH2O); its water content may range from 3 to 21% by weight but is usually between 6 and 10%. Because of its amorphous character, it is classed as a mineraloid, unlike crystalline forms of silica, which are classed as minerals. inclusions in wood opal  Iron sulfide in opal fern like a holographic play of colour patterns in opal  pyrite inclusions in opal Iron oxide in opal opal from USA Clay mineral along with pyrite in opal Play of colour in opal  Manganese oxide flower in opal  Iron oxide in opal Chalcedony along with amphibole needles in opal  Green opal Manganese oxide in opal  Manganese oxide in opal  fluorite inclusions in opal  opal from Ethiopia  wood in opal  Agate like banding pattern in opal  Leopard opal  Conk opal  The same slides are in the form of video uploaded on youtube. 

Since 2015 a large quantity of a new blue diffused synthetic sapphire has appeared in the world market.  In immersion of blue diffused sapphires showed the “spiders’ web effect” – a cut-related colouration pattern – and rather high titanium content on the surface of the samples. The synthetic blue sapphire usually displayed strong chalky blue fluorescence to SWUV lamp and mostly have cure bands and residue or gas bubble under the microscope.  residue  & gas bubbles in synthetic diffused sapphire residue  & gas bubbles in synthetic diffused sapphire colour concentration on the facets edges easily seen  colour concentration on the facets edges easily seen  colour concentration on the facets edges easily seen  When viewing the stones in methylene iodide solution with diffused-transmitted white light, blue diffused synthetic stones clearly display a “spiders’ web effect”

The following Post " Unheated Corundum (ruby & Sapphire) inclusions" are only for unheated ruby & Sapphire inclusions.  A beautiful zoned of fine exsolved particles in unheated ruby. origin Madagascar. A beautiful zoned of fine exsolved particles in unheated ruby. origin Madagascar. Trapiche in Corundum, Origin: Pakistan Trapiche in Corundum, Origin: Pakistan Trapiche in Corundum, Origin: Pakistan Trapiche in Corundum, Origin: Pakistan Unheated inclusions in Sapphire, Origin: Kashmir, Pakistan. Unheated inclusions in Sapphire, Origin: Kashmir, Pakistan. Unheated inclusions in Sapphire, Origin: Kashmir, Pakistan. Unheated inclusions in Sapphire, Origin: Kashmir, Pakistan. Unheated inclusions in Sapphire, Origin: Kashmir, Pakistan. Unheated inclusions in Sapphire, Origin: Kashmir, Pakistan. Unheated inclusions in Sapphire, Origin: Kashmir, Pakistan. Unheated inclusions in Sapphire, Origin: Kashmir, Pakistan. Unheated inclusions in Sapphire, Origin: Kashmir, Pakistan. Un...